Pej xeem yeeb ncuab rov sau cov cai ntawm hip-hop, dhau los ua ib qho ntawm feem cuam tshuam thiab muaj teeb meem rap pawg ntawm lig 1980s. Rau ntau tus neeg mloog, lawv yog pawg rap muaj feem ntau ntawm txhua lub sijhawm.
Cov qhab raws li lawv cov suab paj nruag ntawm Run-DMC txoj kev ntaus thiab Boogie Down Productions gangsta rhymes. Lawv pioneered hardcore rap uas yog suab paj nruag thiab kev nom kev tswv revolutionary.
Lead rapper Chuck D's recognizable baritone lub suab tau dhau los ua lub cim ntawm pab pawg. Hauv lawv cov nkauj, pab pawg tau kov txhua yam teeb meem kev sib raug zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas cuam tshuam rau cov neeg sawv cev dub.
Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev txhawb nqa lawv cov suab paj nruag, cov dab neeg hais txog cov teeb meem ntawm cov neeg dub hauv zej zog tau los ua lub cim ntawm rappers.
Thaum lub sij hawm thaum ntxov Public Enemy albums tso tawm nrog Bomb Squad tau txais lawv qhov chaw nyob hauv Pob Zeb thiab Roll Hall of Fame, cov kws ua yeeb yam txuas ntxiv tso lawv cov khoom siv canonical mus txog 2013.
Band's musical style
Suab paj nruag, cov pab pawg tau hloov kho raws li lawv cov Bomb Squad. Thaum kaw cov nkauj, lawv feem ntau siv cov qauv uas paub tau, lub suab nrov ntawm lub suab nrov, kev sib tw nruj.
Nws yog ib qho nyuaj thiab txhawb nqa suab paj nruag ua rau muaj kev lom zem ntau dua los ntawm Chuck D lub suab.
Lwm tus tswv cuab ntawm pab pawg, Flavor Flav, tau nto moo rau nws qhov tsos - looj tsom iav dub comical thiab saib loj loj dai ntawm nws caj dab.
Flavor Flav yog lub suab paj nruag kos npe, tab sis nws yeej tsis coj cov neeg tuaj saib kom deb ntawm lub suab paj nruag.
Thaum lawv thawj zaug kaw thaum xyoo 1980s thiab thaum ntxov 1990s, pawg neeg feem ntau tau txais kev tshuaj xyuas sib xyaw los ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib thiab cov neeg thuam vim lawv qhov kev tawm tsam thiab cov lus. Qhov no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cuam tshuam rau cov pab pawg thaum lawv album It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back (1988) ua rau pab pawg nto moo.
Tom qab tag nrho cov kev tsis sib haum xeeb tau daws nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 1990s, thiab cov pab pawg neeg mus rau hiatus, nws tau pom tseeb tias Public Enemy yog cov feem ntau influential thiab radical pawg ntawm nws lub sij hawm.
Tsim cov pab pawg neeg yeeb ncuab
Chuck D (lub npe tiag tiag Carlton Riedenhur, yug Lub Yim Hli 1, 1960) tau tsim tsa Pej Xeem Yeeb ncuab hauv 1982 thaum kawm graphic design ntawm Adelphi University hauv Long Island.
Nws yog DJ ntawm tub ntxhais kawm xov tooj cua WBAU qhov chaw nws ntsib Hank Shockley thiab Bill Stefney. Tag nrho peb tau sib koom kev hlub rau hip hop thiab kev nom kev tswv, uas ua rau lawv cov phooj ywg zoo.
Shockley tau sau hip hop demos, Ridenhur ua tiav Public Enemy's No. 1 thawj zaj nkauj. Nyob ib ncig ntawm tib lub sijhawm, nws pib tshwm hauv xov tooj cua hauv qab lub npe hu ua Chuckie D.
Def Jam co-founder thiab tsim tawm Rick Rubin hnov Public Enemy No. 1 cassette thiab tam sim ntawd mus cuag Chuck D, vam tias yuav kos npe rau pab pawg rau daim ntawv cog lus.
Chuck D yog thawj zaug tsis kam ua li ntawd, tab sis tau tsim lub tswv yim ntawm kev hloov pauv hip hop pab pawg uas yog raws li cov neeg ntaus suab nrov thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib raug zoo.
Enlisting kev pab ntawm Shockley (raws li ib tug tsim tawm) thiab Stefni (raws li ib tug songwriter), Chuck D tsim nws tus kheej pab neeg. Ntxiv rau peb tus txiv neej no, pab pawg kuj suav nrog DJ Terminator X (Norman Lee Rogers, yug Lub Yim Hli 25, 1966) thiab Richard Griffin (Xib Fwb Griff) - pab pawg neeg ua yeeb yam.
Ib pliag tom qab, Chuck D nug nws tus phooj ywg qub William Drayton los koom nrog pab pawg ua tus thib ob rapper. Drayton tuaj nrog hloov ego Flavor Flav.
Flavor Flav, nyob rau hauv pab pawg, yog lub tsev hais plaub jester uas lom zem cov neeg tuaj saib thaum Chuck D cov nkauj.
Pab pawg thawj zaug nkag
Lub debut album ntawm Public Enemy Yo! Bum Rush qhov Qhia tau tso tawm los ntawm Def Jam Cov Ntaub Ntawv hauv xyoo 1987. Cov neeg ntaus suab nrov thiab kev hais lus zoo ntawm Chuck D tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm cov neeg thuam hip-hop thiab cov mloog zoo tib yam. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog nrov li kom nkag mus rau hauv lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb.
Txawm li cas los xij, lawv qhov thib ob album It Takes a Nation of Millions to Tuav Peb Rov Qab tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej. Raws li Shockley cov kev taw qhia, Pab Pawg Pabcuam Cov Yeeb Ncuab (PE) tsim tawm, Bomb Squad, tau tsim lub suab paj nruag tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke qee qhov kev lom zem rau hauv cov nkauj. Chuck D txoj kev nyeem ntawv tau zoo tuaj thiab Flavor Flav qhov kev tshwm sim theem tau dhau los ua yeeb yam.
Cov neeg thuam thuam thiab cov neeg thuam pob zeb hu ua Nws Siv Lub Tebchaws ntawm Ntau lab los tuav peb Rov qab cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv, thiab hip-hop tau npaj txhij los ua lub zog rau kev hloov pauv hauv zej zog ntxiv.
Kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm pab pawg
Raws li pab pawg Public Enemy tau nrov heev, nws txoj haujlwm raug thuam. Hauv cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg, Chuck D tau hais tias rap yog "dub CNN" (ib lub tuam txhab TV hauv Asmeskas) qhia txog dab tsi tshwm sim hauv lub tebchaws, thiab hauv ntiaj teb, hauv txoj hauv kev uas cov xov xwm tsis tuaj yeem qhia.
Cov nkauj cov nkauj ib txwm coj los ntawm lub ntsiab lus tshiab, thiab ntau tus neeg thuam tsis zoo siab tias dub Muslim thawj coj Louis Farrakhan tau pom zoo ntawm pab pawg nkauj coj lub suab.
Sib ntaus lub Hwj Chim, lub suab seev rau Spike Lee qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb xyoo 1989 zaj duab xis Ua Qhov Zoo, kuj ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov rau "kev tawm tsam" ntawm tus naas ej Elvis Presley thiab John Wayne.
Tab sis zaj dab neeg no tsis nco qab vim muaj kev sib tham rau Washington Times uas Griffin tau hais txog kev tawm tsam Semitic. Nws cov lus hais tias "Cov neeg Yudais yog lub luag haujlwm rau feem ntau ntawm kev ua phem uas tshwm sim thoob ntiaj teb" tau ntsib nrog kev poob siab thiab kev npau taws los ntawm cov pej xeem.
Cov neeg thuam dawb, uas yav dhau los qhuas cov pab pawg, tshwj xeeb yog qhov tsis zoo. Tau ntsib nrog kev kub ntxhov loj hauv kev muaj tswv yim, Chuck D tau tuaj rau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg. Ua ntej, nws raug rho tawm Griffin, ces coj nws rov qab los, thiab tom qab ntawd txiav txim siab ua kom tiav pab pawg.
Griff tau muab lwm qhov kev xam phaj uas nws tau hais tsis zoo txog Chuck D, uas ua rau nws tawm mus zaum kawg ntawm pab pawg.
New album - qub teeb meem
Public Enemy tau siv tas li ntawm 1989 npaj lawv thib peb album. Nws tso tawm cov nkauj Zoo siab txais tos rau Terrordome ua nws thawj zaug thaum xyoo 1990.
Ib zaug ntxiv, tus ntaus ib leeg ua rau muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm nws cov lus. Cov kab "tseem lawv tau txais kuv zoo li Yexus" yog hu ua anti-Semitic.
Txawm tias tag nrho cov kev tsis sib haum xeeb, nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav xyoo 1990, Ntshai ntawm Lub Ntiaj Teb Dub tau txais kev tshuaj xyuas rave. Ob peb tus neeg hu nkauj, uas yog 911 Yog Ib Tug Tsis Txaus Siab, Cov Kwv Tij Gonna Ua Nws Tawm thiab Ua Tau, ua rau 10 tus neeg hu nkauj nrov tshaj plaws. Tsis tuaj yeem Ua Nuttin 'rau Ya Man yog qhov ntaus 40 R & B.
Album Apocalypse 91… Tus yeeb ncuab ntaus dub
Rau lawv cov yeeb yaj kiab tom ntej, Apocalypse 91... Cov yeeb ncuab Strikes Dub (1991), cov pab pawg tau rov sau dua Nqa Cov Suab nrov nrog cov yeeb yaj kiab hlau Anthrax.
Qhov no yog thawj lub cim qhia tias pab pawg tau sim sib sau ua ke nws cov neeg tuaj saib dawb. Lub album tau ntsib nrog cov kev tshuaj xyuas zoo heev thaum nws tso tawm lub caij nplooj zeeg.
Nws debuted ntawm No. 4 nyob rau hauv lub pop kab kos, tab sis Public Enemy pib poob tuav nyob rau hauv 1992 thaum mus ncig teb chaws thiab Flavor Flav tas li tau mus rau hauv kev cai lij choj teeb meem.
Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1992, cov pab pawg tau tso tawm qhov Kev Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij los ua kom tswj hwm lawv cov suab paj nruag, tab sis tau ntsib nrog kev tshuaj xyuas tsis zoo los ntawm cov neeg thuam.
Tom qab so
Cov pab pawg tau mus nyob rau hauv 1993 thaum Flavor Flav tau kov yeej kev quav yeeb tshuaj.
Rov qab rau lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1994 nrog rau kev ua haujlwm Muse Sick-n-Hour Mess Age, pab pawg tau rov qab los rau kev thuam hnyav. Kev tshuaj xyuas tsis zoo tau luam tawm hauv Rolling Stone thiab The Source, uas cuam tshuam rau kev xaav ntawm tag nrho album.
Lub album Muse Sick debuted ntawm No. 14 tab sis ua tsis tau tejyam los tsim ib tug hit ib leeg. Chuck D tawm ntawm Public Enemy thaum mus ncig xyuas xyoo 1995 thaum nws tau txiav kev sib raug zoo nrog Def Jam daim ntawv lo. Nws tsim nws tus kheej daim ntawv lo thiab luam tawm lub tuam txhab los sim thiab rov xav txog cov qhab nia ua haujlwm.
Nyob rau hauv 1996, nws tso nws thawj debut album, Lub Autobiography ntawm Mistachuck. Chuck D tau tshaj tawm tias nws npaj yuav kaw cov nkauj tshiab nrog cov pab pawg xyoo tom ntej.
Ua ntej cov ntaub ntawv raug tso tawm, Chuck D tau sib sau ua ke Bomb Squad thiab pib ua haujlwm ntawm ob peb albums.
Thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav xyoo 1998, Pej Xeem Yeeb ncuab rov qab los sau cov suab nkauj. Nws Tau Txais Kev Ua Si tsis zoo li lub suab nkauj, tab sis zoo li ib daim ntawv ntev ntev.
Los ntawm txoj kev, txoj haujlwm tau sau tag nrho rau tib yam Spike Lee. Thaum nws tso tawm rau lub Plaub Hlis 1998, lub album tau txais kev tshuaj xyuas zoo heev. Cov no yog qhov kev tshuaj xyuas zoo tshaj plaws txij li Apocalypse 91… Tus yeeb ncuab Strikes Dub.
Lub Def Jam daim ntawv lo tsis kam pab Chuck D nqa suab paj nruag rau cov neeg mloog hauv Is Taws Nem, tus rapper tau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus nrog lub network lub tuam txhab ywj pheej Atomic Pop. Ua ntej qhov kev tso tawm ntawm pawg thib xya album, Muaj Poison Goin 'On ..., daim ntawv lo ua MP3 cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los tshaj tawm online. Thiab cov nkauj tau tshwm sim hauv khw muag khoom thaum Lub Xya Hli 1999.
Thaum ntxov 2000s txog rau tam sim no
Tom qab peb xyoos hiatus los ntawm kev kaw thiab txav mus rau Daim Ntawv Sau Npe, cov qhab tso tawm Revolverlution. Nws yog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov nkauj tshiab, remixes thiab ua yeeb yam nyob.
Lub CD/DVD combo It Takes a Nation tau tshwm sim xyoo 2005. Lub pob ntawv xov xwm muaj ib teev-ntev video ntawm pawg neeg hais kwv txhiaj hauv London xyoo 1987 thiab CD nrog tsawg dua remixes.
Lub studio album New Whirl Odor kuj tau tso tawm xyoo 2005. Lub album Rebirth of the Nation, nrog rau tag nrho cov lus sau los ntawm Bay Area Paris rapper, yuav tsum tau tso nrog nws, tab sis nws tsis tshwm sim txog thaum ntxov xyoo tom ntej.
Pej xeem yeeb ncuab tom qab ntawd nkag mus rau theem nyob ntsiag to, yam tsawg kawg ntawm kev kaw, tso tawm tsuas yog xyoo 2011 remix thiab rarities compilation Beats and Places.
Cov pab pawg tau rov qab los rau xyoo 2012 nrog kev ua tiav loj, tso tawm ob daim ntawv qhia tag nrho tshiab: Feem ntau ntawm Kuv Tus Heroes Tseem Tsis Pom Tsis Muaj Stamp thiab Lub Ntiaj Teb Kev Phem Ntawm Txhua Yam.
Pej xeem yeeb ncuab kuj ncig mus ncig thoob plaws hauv 2012 thiab 2013. Lawv qhov thib ob thiab thib peb albums tau rov tso tawm dua xyoo tom ntej.
Thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 2015, cov qhab tso tawm lawv lub 13th studio album, Man Plan God Laughs. Hauv 2017, Public Enemy ua kev zoo siab rau 30th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lawv qhov debut album Nothing Is Quick in the Desert.
