Miles Davis - Tsib Hlis 26, 1926 (Alton) - Cuaj Hlis 28, 1991 (Santa Monica)
American jazz musician, nto moo trumpeter uas cuam tshuam rau kev kos duab ntawm lig 1940s.
Qhov pib ntawm txoj kev muaj tswv yim ntawm Miles Dewey Davis
Davis loj hlob hauv East St. Louis, Illinois, qhov chaw uas nws txiv yog ib tug kws kho hniav zoo. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom ntej, nws feem ntau hais txog nws cov neeg tseem ceeb upbringing.
Cov neeg thuam ntseeg tias nws loj hlob hauv kev txom nyem thiab kev txom nyem, vim tias qhov chaw zoo li no yog qhov zoo rau ntau tus kws ua yeeb yam jazz nto moo. Miles pib kawm lub trumpet thaum tseem hluas.
Davies 'kev ua si yog qee zaum "clumsy" thiab tsis yog ib txwm sib haum xeeb, tab sis nws lub suab nrov, zoo nkauj thiab nplua nuj suab paj nruag kev xav ntau dua nws cov kev tsis txaus ntseeg.
Los ntawm thaum ntxov 1950s, Davis tau hloov nws qhov tsis zoo rau hauv qhov zoo. Hloov chaw ntawm kev ua raws li cov uas twb muaj lawm, shrieking style ntawm bebop cov thawj coj zoo li Gillespie, Davis tau tshawb nrhiav qhov nruab nrab trumpet register.
Tus kws kos duab tau sim nrog kev sib haum xeeb thiab kev sib dhos thiab sib txawv ntawm kev tsim ntawm nws cov improvisations.
Muaj qee qhov tshwj xeeb, nws cov suab paj nruag yog qhov yooj yim, raws li peb lub hlis twg sau ntawv thiab legato kev nplua nuj. Lub suab paj nruag fantasy, tempo thiab lyrics nyob rau hauv nws improvisations yog tshwj xeeb.
Davis ua si nrog jazz bands nyob rau hauv St. Louis cheeb tsam thiab ces tsiv mus rau New York nyob rau hauv 1944 mus kawm nyob rau hauv lub koom haum ntawm Musical Arts (tam sim no lub tsev kawm ntawv Juilliard).
Txawm hais tias tus trumpeter tsis tau txais ntau chav kawm, nws tau txais kev cob qhia ntawm kev sib tham nrog cov tswv xws li Dizzy Gillespie thiab Charlie Parker. Davis thiab Parker feem ntau sau cov ntawv sau ua ke hauv 1945-1948.
Txias jazz thiab modal jazz
Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1948, Davis tau tsim ib qho kev sib tw, uas suav nrog cov neeg ua si nrov jazz: Gerry Mulligan, J. Johnson, Kenny Clarke thiab Lee Konitz, nrog rau cov neeg ntaus suab paj nruag thiab tuba (cov cuab yeej tsis tshua pom hauv cov ntsiab lus jazz).
Mulligan, Gil Evans thiab pianist John Lewis muab feem ntau ntawm kev npaj rau pawg. Lawv cov suab paj nruag ua ke cov hloov pauv tau yooj yim, improvisational xwm ntawm bebop nrog lub suab zoo nkauj zoo nkauj orchestral.
Cov pab pawg tsis tau ntev, tab sis nyob rau hauv nws cov keeb kwm luv luv tau sau ib lub kaum os lem, uas yog Ameslikas tso tawm raws li singles (1949-1950).
Cov ntaub ntawv no tau hloov pauv cov qauv ntawm jazz thiab ua txoj hauv kev rau West Coast styles ntawm xyoo 1950. Cov style no tau rov ua dua tom qab album Birth of the Cool (1957).
Kev Mob Teeb Meem
Thaum ntxov xyoo 1950, Davis tau kov yeej kev quav yeeb tshuaj uas cuam tshuam rau nws kev ua si. Tab sis nws tseem muaj peev xwm sau cov albums uas yog ib qho ntawm nws cov ntawv sau zoo tshaj plaws.
Jazz Celebrities xws li Sonny Rollins, Milt Jackson thiab Thelonious Monk tau ua haujlwm nrog nws.
Xyoo 1954, tom qab kov yeej nws txoj kev quav yeeb tshuaj, Davis tau nkag mus rau ob xyoos thaum lub sijhawm nws tau suav tias yog tus kws ntaus nkauj tshaj plaws hauv jazz.
Lub sijhawm tshiab ntawm tus kws kos duab ua haujlwm
Hauv xyoo 1950, Miles tsim jazz classical me me bands. Lawv nthuav tawm cov lus dab neeg saxophone John Coltrane thiab Cannonball Adderley, pianists Red Garland thiab Bill Evans, bassist Paul Chambers, thiab Philly drummers Joe Jones thiab Jimmy Cobb.
Davis 'cov nkauj sau tseg rau lub sijhawm no, suav nrog Ib Hmo Ib Hmo (1956), Workin (1956), Steamin (1956), Relaxin (1956) thiab Milestones (1958), cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau lwm tus kws ntaus nkauj.
Nws xaus rau lub sijhawm no ntawm nws txoj haujlwm nrog Hom Blue (1959), tej zaum qhov kev ua koob tsheej zoo tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm jazz. Lub album tus mos, nteg-rov qab sau suav nrog cov piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm modal jazz style.
Nyob rau hauv lawv, improvisations yog raws li "sparse" chords thiab tsis-tus qauv ntsuas, thiab tsis nyob rau hauv complex, nquag hloov chords.
Founder ntawm modal jazz
Miles Davis hauv xyoo 1950 tau tsim cov kev taw qhia tshiab hauv suab paj nruag - modal jazz. Nws tau ua qhov style no ntawm lub trumpet, thiab saxophonist John Coltrane tau los ua nws tus neeg zoo li lub siab nyiam hauv qhov style no.
Lub modal style yog haum rau solos uas tsom rau lub suab paj nruag. Modal jazz muaj modal thiab dawb improvisation. Nws tso cai rau kuv sim ntau dua nrog cov khoom siv suab paj nruag.
Qhov khoom pheej yig no tau ua rau Hom Blue album nrov ntawm jazz lovers.
Tso tawm ib txhij nrog cov pawg me me, Davis cov nkauj ua yeeb yam (tso thiab ua los ntawm Gil Evans): Miles Ahead (1957), Porgy thiab Bess (1958) thiab Essays ntawm Spain (1960) kuj tau ua nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm modal jazz.
Kev sib koom tes ntawm Davis thiab Evans tau cim los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke, yuav luag sib npaug ntawm kev ntaus suab paj nruag thiab soloist, thiab qee qhov kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Davis lub siab thiab lub siab lub ntsws.
Davis thiab Evans qee zaus koom tes hauv lawv cov xyoo tom ntej, tab sis lawv cov khoom tsim tawm tsis tau nrov thiab loj npaum li lawv nyob rau ntawm peb lub suab nkauj zoo nkauj no.
Dawb jazz thiab fusion
Thaum ntxov 1960s yog lub sijhawm hloov pauv, tsis muaj lub sijhawm tshiab rau Miles, txawm hais tias nws cov suab paj nruag thiab nws qhov kev ua si tseem tsis tau muaj dua.
Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1962, nws pib tsim lwm pab pawg me, uas tau los ua lub ntsiab.
